Basic knowledge and application of aluminum
Information summary:
1. The basic properties of aluminum are silver-white. It can form a layer of oxide film to prevent metal corrosion in moist air. The relative density is 2.7g/cm3, the melting point is 660 degree , and the boiling point is 2327 degree . The specific strength is higher. There are...
1. The basic properties of aluminum
Silver white, can form a layer of oxide film to prevent metal corrosion in humid air, relative density 2.7g/cm3, melting point 660 degree , boiling point 2327 degree , high specific strength, good electrical and thermal conductivity, high reflection And oxidation resistance.
2. Type
Profile category: aluminum profile, aluminum pipe, aluminum bar, etc.
Sheet category: aluminum sheet, aluminum foil, aluminum strip (coil)
Casting category: aluminum castings, aluminum pellets
3. Commonly used grades
The first digit of the grade indicates the aluminum alloy series, the second digit indicates the modification of the original aluminum alloy, and the last two digits indicate the purity of the aluminum alloy in the same group.
1100: Good formability and high corrosion resistance are required for processing, but high-strength parts are not required. For example, storage containers, thin plate processing parts, deep-drawn concave vessels, heat exchangers, printing plates, nameplates, reflective appliances, etc.
2011: Free-cutting alloy, good machinability and high strength, but poor corrosion resistance, suitable for volume shafts, optical components, screw heads, screws and machined products that require good cutting performance.
3003: It has the properties of 1xxx series alloys and has higher strength than 1xxxx series alloys, such as kitchenware, food and chemical product processing and storage devices, tanks and tanks for transporting liquid products, and various pressure vessels and pipes for thin plate processing.
4A01: High silicon content, heat resistance, wear resistance, belonging to construction materials, mechanical parts, forging materials, welding materials.
5052: The most representative alloy with medium strength (5083 is the highest), with good corrosion resistance, weldability and formability, especially high fatigue strength and good seawater resistance. It is used in the manufacture of aircraft fuel tanks, oil pipes, and transportation vehicles. Ship's sheet metal parts, instruments, street lamp brackets and rivets, hardware products, etc.
6061: Heat-treated corrosion-resistant alloy. T6 treatment can have a very high endurance value, but the welding interface strength is low, so it is suitable for screws, ships, vehicles, and land structures.
6N01: A medium-strength extruding alloy, which can be used for large-scale thin-meat profiles with complex shapes, with good corrosion resistance and welding properties. Suitable for vehicles, land structures and ships.
6063: Representative extrusion alloy, with lower strength than 6061, good extrudability, can be used as profiles with complex cross-section shapes, good corrosion resistance and surface treatment, suitable for building highway guardrails, vehicles, furniture, home appliances Products, decorations.
7072: Low electrode potential, mainly used for anti-corrosion covering leather materials, but also suitable for heat sinks of heat exchangers, aluminum foils for air conditioners and ultra-thin strips.
7075: One of the alloys with the highest strength among aluminum alloys, but the corrosion resistance is not good. The covering skin with 7072 can improve its corrosion resistance, but the cost is increased. Suitable for aircraft, ski poles, thick plates and forged products.
Examples of material selection:
The product requirements are relatively hard, and the surface treatment is coarse wire drawing or coarse sand surface. Choose 5000 series aluminum alloy, commonly used: 5052
For products with high requirements for surface treatment, there should be no sand holes and profile traces. Choose 6000 series aluminum alloy, commonly used: 6063/6061
The product requires a low price, and it needs to be stretched and re-examined. The 2000 series pure aluminum is selected. Commonly used: 2011
The product has high strength and high hardness, and it needs to be used for load-bearing structure. Choose 7000 series aluminum alloy, commonly used: 7075
Fourth, the surface treatment of aluminum
1. Anodized after sandblasting or wire drawing
2. Electrophoresis painting
3. Powder electrostatic spraying and fluorocarbon spraying after polishing
4. Electroplating after polishing the mirror
5. Wood grain heat transfer
6. Polymer PVC film
Five, aluminum profile
Aluminum profiles are aluminum pipe materials with different cross-sectional shapes through hot melting and extrusion of aluminum rods. The forming process mainly includes 5 processes: melting, extrusion, cutting, CNC washing and cutting, surface pretreatment, and coloring.
Titanium plating and electrophoresis are the most expensive, followed by wood grain thermal transfer, anodizing, and finally spraying. The specific price is subject to the manufacturer's quotation.
The main applications of aluminum profiles are as follows:
1. Building aluminum profiles (doors and windows, curtain walls)
2. Radiator aluminum profile
3. General industrial aluminum profiles: mainly used in industrial production and manufacturing, such as automated machinery and equipment, skeletons, etc., which can be customized by mold opening.
4. Aluminum alloy profile for rail vehicle structure: Mainly used in the manufacture of rail vehicle body.
5. Decorate aluminum profiles, make aluminum alloy frames, mount various decorative paintings.
6. Appearance aluminum profiles, mainly used in home appliances or communication industries, such as mobile hard drives, mobile power supplies, televisions, monitors and other internal structure and appearance decoration.
